ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN INDONESIA TERKAIT PENUNDAAN DALAM MERATIFIKASI ASEAN AGREEMENT ON TRANSBOUNDARY HAZE POLLUTION (AATHP) TAHUN 2002 – 2014

Nova Febriyani

Abstract


Masalah
Transboundary Haze Pollution (THP) telah terjadi sejak tahun 1980-an yang disebabkan oleh keba- karan hutan dan lahan gambut di Indonesia. Peristiwa kebakaran hutan di Indonesia tahun 1997, membuat isu THP bukan hanya sekedar masalah kejadian alam namun mulai menunjukkan tindakan sekuritisasi dari nega- ra-negara anggota ASEAN terutama Singapura dan Malaysia. Untuk mengatasi masalah THP maka pada ta- hun 2002 seluruh negara anggota ASEAN telah menandatangani perjanjian ASEAN Agreement on Trans- boundary Haze Pollution (AATHP) di mana setiap negara perlu meratifikasi perjanjian tersebut. Dengan had- irnya AATHP seharusnya disambut baik oleh Indonesia karena dapat membantu untuk menyelesaikan perma- salahan. Namun, Indonesia merupakan negara terakhir yang meratifikasi perjanjian AATHP. Fokus penelitian ini adalah alasan mengapa Indonesia menunda untuk meratifikasi AATHP dari tahun 2002 – 2014 padahal merupakan negara yang menjadi produsen kabut asap. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, penulis men- gusulkan untuk membuat operasionalisasi konsep analisis kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia dengan dasar ar- gumentasi teoritik yaitu Foreign Polic y Analysis (FPA). Penulis membagi menjadi 2 (dua) fokus analisis yakni faktor internal yang mempengaruhi kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia diantaranya: (i) pembangunan ekonomi; (ii) kelompok kepentingan dan (iii) persaingan antar elit. Sedangkan faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi yai- tu (i) global, (ii) regional dan (iii) bilateral. Argumen utama dalam tulisan ini yaitu faktor internal merupakan penghambat utama Indonesia untuk meratifikasi perjanjian AATHP.

 

Kata kunci: Keamanan non tradisional, AATHP, Foreig n Policy Analysis, Kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/jsdk.v11i2.3136

DOI (PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)): https://doi.org/10.31315/jsdk.v11i2.3136.g2464

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